Tethering sockets and wrenches

The tethering of sockets and wrenches was accomplished to improve the safety of working over motor segments. To accomplish the tethering of the sockets to the ratchets, a special design was implemented in which a groove was machined into each socket. Each socket was then fitted with a snap ring that can spin around the machined groove. The snap ring is tethered to the handle of the ratchet. All open end wrenches are also tethered to the ratchet or to the operator, depending upon the type. Tests were run to ensure that the modified tools meet torque requirements. The design was subsequently approved by Space Safety

Collapse and revival dynamics of superfluids of ultracold atoms in optical lattices

Recent experiments have shown a remarkable number of collapse-and-revival oscillations of the matter-wave coherence of ultracold atoms in optical lattices [Will et al., Nature 465, 197 (2010)]. Using a mean-field approximation to the Bose-Hubbard model, we show that the visibility of collapse-and-revival interference patterns reveal number squeezing of the initial superfluid state. To describe the dynamics, we use an effective Hamiltonian that incorporates the intrinsic two-body and induced three-body interactions, and we analyze in detail the resulting complex pattern of collapse-and-revival frequencies generated by virtual transitions to higher bands, as a function of lattice parameters and mean-atom number. Our work shows that a combined analysis of both the multiband, non-stationary dynamics in the final deep lattice, and the number-squeezing of the initial superfluid state, explains important characteristics of optical lattice collapse-and-revival physics. Finally, by treating the two- and three-body interaction strengths, and the coefficients describing the initial superposition of number states, as free parameters in a fit to the experimental data it should be possible to go beyond some of the limitations of our model and obtain insight into the breakdown of the mean-field theory for the initial state or the role of nonperturbative effects in the final state dynamics.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. This is the updated version published June 201

Unauthorized Immigrants in California: Estimates for Counties

Estimates changes in unauthorized immigrant populations between 2001 and 2008 by county and zip code, including percentage of total population. Discusses the challenges of obtaining accurate counts and implications for policy

Design considerations for high-power VHF radar transceivers: Phase matching long coaxial cables using a cable radar

The Poker Flat 49.92-MHz MST radar uses 64 phase-controlled transmitters in individual shelters distributed throughout the antenna array. Phase control is accomplished by sampling the transmitted pulse at the directional coupler of each transmitter and sending the sample pulse back to a phase-control unit. This method requires phase matching 64 long (256 meter) coaxial cables (RG-213) to within several electrical degrees. Tests with a time domain reflectometer showed that attenuation of high frequency components in the long RG-213 cable rounded the leading edge of the reflected pulse so that the cables could only be measured to within 50 cm (about 45 deg at 49.92 MHz). Another measurement technique using a vector voltmeter to compare forward and reflected phase required a directional coupler with unattainable directivity. Several other techniques were also found lacking, primarily because of loss in the long RG-213 cables. At this point it was realized that what was needed was a simple version of the phase-coherent clear-air radar, i.e., a cable radar. The design and operation of this cable are described

Design considerations for high-power VHF radar transceivers: The Poker Flat MST radar phase control system

Sixty-four separate 50-kW peak-power transmitters are distributed throughout the 200 x 200 meter Poker Flat MST radar antenna array. The relative phase of each transmitter is automatically controlled by a 64-channel unit located in the main building at the edge of the antenna. The phase control unit is described. In operation the RF pulse from a transmitter coupler is power divided and compared with the phase reference in a mixer. The mixer output is low-pass filtered and sampled near the center of the resulting video pulse by an amplifying sample-and-hold integrated circuit. Phase control is effected by maintaining the mixer output pulse near zero volts by amplifying the sample-and-hold output which then drives the voltage-controlled phase shifter in the direction to null the mixer output. The voltage-controlled shifter achieves over 360 deg phase shift in the range from 0.7 to 24 volts. When the voltage into the shifter tracks to either voltage limit the wrap-around control resets the voltage so that the shifter is always operating within its control range

Using Technology within the Teacher Preparation Program as a Model for Effective Instruction

This article describes a methods course for teachers of elementary science and how it was enhanced to increase students’ abilities and attitudes toward using technology as a tool in teaching science. The course was enhanced as a result of the Virginia Collaborative for Excellence in the Preparation of Teachers (VCEPT) project. Prior to this project, the course was known for its constructivist approach, cooperative group activities, and experiential base that allowed students to actually do and teach elementary science. As a result of VCEPT, the class now also features an elaborate technology component. Technology of many types are regularly modeled in the methods classroom. Students are exposed to and have hands-on experiences with selected technologies and are asked to use technology in order to complete a variety of different projects

Illegal Immigration

Provides data on the number of illegal immigrants in the United States, countries of origin, areas of settlement, demographics, reasons for immigrating, economic role, and fiscal impact, as well as public attitudes and the immigration policy debate

The braiding for representations of q-deformed affine sl2sl_2

We compute the braiding for the `principal gradation' of $U_q(\hat{{\it sl}_2})$ for $|q|=1$ from first principles, starting from the idea of a rigid braided tensor category. It is not necessary to assume either the crossing or the unitarity condition from S-matrix theory. We demonstrate the uniqueness of the normalisation of the braiding under certain analyticity assumptions, and show that its convergence is critically dependent on the number-theoretic properties of the number $\tau$ in the deformation parameter $q=e^{2\pi i\tau}$. We also examine the convergence using probability, assuming a uniform distribution for $q$ on the unit circle.Comment: LaTeX, 10 pages with 2 figs, uses epsfi

Improved electro-optical tracking system

Electro-optical tracking system employs a laser beam illuminating source, an electronic laser beam deflector, and an image dissector photomultiplier. An electronic scanning transmitter and receiver follows rapid movements or accelerations of the target

Micro-fluid exchange coupling apparatus

In a macro-fluid exchange, a hollow needle, such as a syringe needle, is provided for penetrating the fluid conduit of the animal. The syringe needle is coupled to a plenum chamber having an inlet and outlet port. The plenum chamber is coupled to the syringe needle via the intermediary of a standard quick disconnect coupling fitting. The plenum chamber is carried at the end of a drive rod which is coupled to a micrometer drive head. The micrometer drive head is slidably and pivotably coupled to a pedestal for adjusting the height and angle of inclination of the needle relative to a reference base support. The needle is positioned adjacent to the incised trachea or a blood vessel of a small animal and the micrometer drive head is operated for penetrating the fluid conduit of the animal